MM50
1. The female gaze article is about research that suggests advertising campaigns are dominated by heterosexual models that are size 0 to 2. Furthermore, it states that women in advertising are too "white" and under size 6. However, the brand 'Dove' decided to ban size 0 models and began to use models with different sizes.
2. The film that started the debate about the female body/image, is called 'A Perfect 14' and it looks/challenges the idea of what beauty is. It also goes against the traditional image of what a woman should look like and instead looks at different women.
3. The 'female gaze' differentiates from the 'male gaze'. It differs as Mulvey suggests the 'male gaze' is when women are shown for the pleasure of men. Whereas, the 'female gaze' is when women look at other women (models) about what the perfect body is like.
4. I think the media should spend more time portraying women in different sizes. I think just showing one type of woman (size 0 model) would put more pressure on women as they would only have one certain way to look. However, I think there's more realism in the media portraying women in different sizes.
5. 'A Perfect 14' is trying to portray to it's audience that you should feel comfortable in your own body and shouldn't try to look a different way like the size 0 models. The main character of the article is diagnosed with cancer, and this provides a emotional identification. Overall, the film portrays a positive outlook on positive models.
MM51
Introduction
This section of the article talks about how a person, place, objects or ideas being represented in a media text have been mediated by the act of representation. It also states how representations are filtered through someones point of view.
Representations and the mass media
This section suggests that representations process through certain people, for example the photographer, picture editor and news editor. They can give images multiple meanings depending on their own ideologies.
The how, who and why of representation
We must consider who creates the image and the reason they create it. The producer always considers 4 things:
-the expectations and needs of the target audience
-the limitations provided by genre codes
-the type of narrative they wish to create
-their institutional remit.
Barthes talks about the idea of 'naturalisation' and how the media chose certain things and do things in a particular way, which make the audience believe it's a normal and natural thing.
Another approach to ideology - the work of Stuart Hall
Hall believes that the audience don't accept the ideology of texts but instead social and cultural experiences effect their opinions and interpretations. Halls critique is known the 'Encoding/Decoding Model.' Also, there is a relationship between the reader/viewer and the text.
Representations and new media
Due to new technology and media, people can now make and share their own media products more efficiently. There's more ways for people to publicise their websites etc.
An example - representing national identity in old and new media
Old media also constructs a view to their audience. For example, in 2014, during the world cup, The Sun sent a free newspaper to millions of homes, representing it's own idea of England is like. The whole paper was about 'English Identity' and was a positive approach to the monarchy. The modern day media, gave people a chance to give their opinions about old media.
I'm very active on social media, I use a lot of social apps like, Instagram, Snapchat, Tumblr and Twitter. When posting things, I do make conscious decisions of whether or not I want to post whatever it is I'm posting. However, I don't spend ages thinking if I want to post it and if it'll effect the way I'm presented on social media.
In my opinion, I think both the audience and the institutions have power regarding representations in the media. For example, the audiences tell the institutions what the want to see, and if the institutions go against what the audience want, they won't have as many viewers. So I think both contribute to representations in the media.
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